Systemic manifestations of lupus nephritis

The most common systemic manifestations of lupus nephritis with unexplained fever, arthritis, and skin and mucous membrane damage. The system is accompanied by involvement of the liver, heart, central nervous system and blood-forming organs, more than 1/3 of patients with polyserositis (pleural and pericardial).
(A) General symptoms: Most patients showed generalized weakness, weight loss, 90% of patients have fever, some more than 39 ° C.
(B) of the skin, mucous membrane damage: The majority of patients the skin is exposed at the skin lesions, about half of patients with facial butterfly erythema, or hair loss.Visible urticaria in some patients, discoid erythema, the palm of your hand, refers to nail week erythema, purpura. Some patients with oral ulcers. These hair loss as the main indicators of the SLE disease activity.
(C) of the joints and muscles: 90% of patients with joint pain, common to the small joints in the limbs. About 30% of patients with muscle pain. Large quantities of irregular use of hormones can lead to some patients with aseptic necrosis of femoral head.
(D) cardiovascular: some patients can occur in pericarditis, generally short and mild, a few may occur in patients myocarditis performance. About 1/4 patients, there may be Raynaud's phenomenon.
(Five lung and pleura: Some patients may have pleurisy or lupus pneumonitis. But a common clinical SLE complicated infection caused by pneumonia, rather than lupus pneumonitis, should be noted.
(F) the blood system: ① red blood cells: 50% ~ 75% of patients showed positive pigment cell anemia; ② The white blood cells: 60% of the patients white blood cell count <4.5 x 109 / L, in particular, is the lymph decreased more significantly; ③ platelet: general slightly lower, a few can be severely reduced. Approximately 50% of patients with lymph node enlargement.
(G) the gastrointestinal tract: abdominal pain, may be associated with abdominal organ lesions caused by vasculitis. Liver, splenomegaly were found in 30%, 20% of patients.The small number of patients with ascites.
(H) of the nervous system: clinical manifestations of complex and diverse, of varying severity. Often show mental disorders such as depression, mental confusion, pay attention to the spirit and hormone-induced abnormal differentiated. The most notable is the epilepsy (15% ~ 50%), and the occasional migraine, peripheral neuritis.